Founded in 1901, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is one of the oldest physical science laboratories in the United States. Its mission, through science and technology, is to improve American industry productivity and quality of living. NIST is a U.S. Department of Commerce member. The staff of NIST works closely with federal agencies to create standards, metrics, best practices, and improve productivity. They also work with them to enhance economic security and facilitate trade. NIST plays an important role in the improvement of U.S. industrial competivity and quality assurance.
NIST's mission is to improve the quality of life by advancing scientific and technical innovation, developing and maintaining national standards of physical measurement, and promoting the innovation of U.S. industries. NIST maintains two offices in Gaithersburg and Boulder, Maryland. NIST is responsible for developing standards, metrics, best practices and conducting research to build the technological infrastructure in the United States. Its laboratories are able to support technological innovation in a wide range of fields including engineering, nanoscale science and physical measurement.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), originally was created as a Metrology Agency. In its early days, the Bureau of Standards concentrated on solving national problems related to science, technology and commerce. There were many industries that standards were developed, including electronics and electrical safety. The Bureau of Standards had a manufacturing facility for optical glass and was involved in multiple issues during World War I.
NIST also develops standards and metrics for a variety industries, including electronics and computers, transportation and manufacturing, as well as public health. NIST assists industry to develop procedures to improve manufacturing production. NIST also creates Federal Information Processing Standards (or FIPS), which are approved and maintained by the Secretary of Commerce.
Journal of Research of National Institute of Standards and Technology (official scientific journal of the National Institute of Standards and Technology) is also published by National Institute of Standards and Technology. The Nature Index shows NIST’s research outputs. Currently, NIST is the largest research center in North America.
In 1988, the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) was reorganized as NIST, a name that was intended to reflect the broad scope of NBS's mission. The Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1998, which was signed into law August 23, 1988, broadened the NBS's technical expertise and gave NIST new responsibilities. It also explicitly acknowledged traditional measurement services.
The NIST will continue to provide a full range of measurement services. It will also coordinate state extension services with federal technology transfers programs and expand its technology assistance to extensions services. It will expand its reach by working with existing delivery partners. It will also hold workshops on technological topics to ensure NIST resources are efficiently used.
NIST will continue to be a partner in the improvement of U.S. Industrial Competitiveness by supporting American industries with technology standards and best practices. NIST aids federal agencies in creating cost-effective programs. It is very focused on national security. The recommendations of the Commission are not binding for the private sector but serve as a basis to federal agencies.
FAQ
What is the distinction between Production Planning or Scheduling?
Production Planning (PP) is the process of determining what needs to be produced at any given point in time. This is accomplished by forecasting the demand and identifying production resources.
Scheduling involves the assignment of dates and times to tasks in order to complete them within the timeframe.
Is it necessary to be familiar with Manufacturing Processes before we learn about Logistics.
No. You don't have to know about manufacturing processes before learning about logistics. It is important to know about the manufacturing processes in order to understand how logistics works.
What are manufacturing & logistics?
Manufacturing is the process of creating goods from raw materials by using machines and processes. Logistics encompasses the management of all aspects associated with supply chain activities such as procurement, production planning, distribution and inventory control. It also includes customer service. Manufacturing and logistics can often be grouped together to describe a larger term that covers both the creation of products, and the delivery of them to customers.
What is the role of a logistics manager
Logistics managers are responsible for ensuring that all goods arrive in perfect condition and on time. This is achieved by using their knowledge and experience with the products of the company. He/she should also ensure enough stock is available to meet demand.
What does it take to run a logistics business?
To run a successful logistics company, you need a lot knowledge and skills. For clients and suppliers to be successful, you need to have excellent communication skills. It is important to be able to analyse data and draw conclusions. You need to be able work under pressure and manage stressful situations. You must be creative and innovative to develop new ideas to improve efficiency. You will need strong leadership skills to motivate and direct your team members towards achieving their organizational goals.
You should also be organized and efficient to meet tight deadlines.
What is the role of a manager in manufacturing?
A manufacturing manager must ensure that all manufacturing processes are efficient and effective. They should also be aware and responsive to any company problems.
They should also be able and comfortable communicating with other departments like sales and marketing.
They should also be aware of the latest trends in their industry and be able to use this information to help improve productivity and efficiency.
Statistics
- You can multiply the result by 100 to get the total percent of monthly overhead. (investopedia.com)
- [54][55] These are the top 50 countries by the total value of manufacturing output in US dollars for its noted year according to World Bank.[56] (en.wikipedia.org)
- In the United States, for example, manufacturing makes up 15% of the economic output. (twi-global.com)
- It's estimated that 10.8% of the U.S. GDP in 2020 was contributed to manufacturing. (investopedia.com)
- In 2021, an estimated 12.1 million Americans work in the manufacturing sector.6 (investopedia.com)
External Links
How To
How to Use the Just In Time Method in Production
Just-intime (JIT), a method used to lower costs and improve efficiency in business processes, is called just-in-time. It's the process of obtaining the right amount and timing of resources when you need them. This means that you only pay for what you actually use. The term was first coined by Frederick Taylor, who developed his theory while working as a foreman in the early 1900s. Taylor observed that overtime was paid to workers if they were late in working. He realized that workers should have enough time to complete their jobs before they begin work. This would help increase productivity.
JIT is about planning ahead. You should have all the necessary resources ready to go so that you don’t waste money. It is important to look at your entire project from beginning to end and ensure that you have enough resources to handle any issues that may arise. You'll be prepared to handle any potential problems if you know in advance. You won't have to pay more for unnecessary items.
There are different types of JIT methods:
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Demand-driven: This is a type of JIT where you order the parts/materials needed for your project regularly. This will allow for you to track the material that you have left after using it. This will allow to you estimate the time it will take for more to be produced.
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Inventory-based: This allows you to store the materials necessary for your projects in advance. This allows one to predict how much they will sell.
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Project-driven : This is a method where you make sure that enough money is set aside to pay the project's cost. You will be able to purchase the right amount of materials if you know what you need.
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Resource-based JIT is the most widespread form. This is where you assign resources based upon demand. For instance, if you have a lot of orders coming in, you'll assign more people to handle them. You'll have fewer orders if you have fewer.
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Cost-based: This is similar to resource-based, except that here you're not just concerned about how many people you have but how much each person costs.
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Price-based: This approach is very similar to the cost-based method except that you don't look at individual workers costs but the total cost of the company.
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Material-based is an alternative to cost-based. Instead of looking at the total cost in the company, this method focuses on the average amount of raw materials that you consume.
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Time-based: This is another variation of resource-based JIT. Instead of focusing only on how much each employee is costing, you should focus on how long it takes to complete your project.
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Quality-based JIT - This is another form of resource-based JIT. Instead of worrying about the costs of each employee or how long it takes for something to be made, you should think about how quality your product is.
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Value-based JIT: One of the most recent forms of JIT. You don't worry about whether the products work or if they meet customer expectations. Instead, you are focused on adding value to the marketplace.
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Stock-based: This stock-based method focuses on the actual quantity of products being made at any given time. It's used when you want to maximize production while minimizing inventory.
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Just-intime (JIT), planning is a combination JIT management and supply chain management. It refers to the process of scheduling the delivery of components as soon as they are ordered. This is important as it reduces lead time and increases throughput.